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This year's International Conference on Soverign Bond Markets, sponsored by the Salomon Center at NYO, features a focus on the real and financial externalities of nontraditional tools of monetary policy in the wake of the financial crisis. As quantitative easing, quantitative and qualitative easing and other monetary policy tools proliferate, the understanding of policy costs and benefits is still not complete, and this conference will discuss the effects of entry to and exit from non-standard monetary policy tools on firm-level investments and finance, credit and financial intermediation, macroeconomic outcomes, financial market quality, and household-level decision-making.